VLS/WS - Very Long Shot/Wide Shot.
LS - Long Shot
MLS - Medium Long Shot
MS - Medium Shot (Mid Shot)
MCU - Medium Close-Up
CU - Close-Up
BCU- Big Close-Up (I've never heard of this before, but thanks to this site for informing me)
ECU - Extreme Close-Up
Now I got taught a slightly different way, and while in effect it doesn't matter, the way I use is much rounder, flows better, and avoids the horrible sounding 'Big Close Up'.
Extreme Long Shot
Long Shot
Medium Long Shot
Medium Shot
Medium Close-Up
Close-Up
Extreme Close-Up
This flows better, and uses common terms, There is one less shot, but doesn't really matter, You could always just say 'Head Shot' which works, and what I got taught.
and then there's
POV - Point of View
OTS - Over the Shoulder (or OSS- Over Shoulder Shot)
TS - Two Shot (and thus Three Shot, Four Shot, etc.)
Man I am a film nerrrrrd. However, these are merely irrelevant differences.
So I shall give you some examples.
Extreme Close Up:

Source.
Mid Shot

The mid shot, properly called a Medium Shot, generally shows the subject from the hips up, this shot captures general facial expressions, as well as hand gestures. This shot is very common, and say, a person texting, is most likely to be represented in a mid shot. An example of this shot is pictured right. Hmmm.... Gossip Girl.....
Source.
Wide
Wide Shots/Long Shots/Full Shot is generally a shot that shows the whole body, to which fills up most the screen. They can be used to show the surroundings of the character/s. An example of a Long Shot is left, it is my photo that I have uploaded. However, it should be noted that this shot is slightly further out than a true long shot.
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